The article analyzes the general trends of development of energy based on renewable energy sources in Russia and abroad. Discussed prospects of development in our country of the wave energy as the most efficient source of renewable energy, provides an overview of wave power plants already built or under construction and design, the basic types, characteristics and advantages of wave power plants (WHPP). Consider the feasibility of the construction of wave power plants (WHPP) in regions of the Russian Federation with decentralized energy supply, taking into account the cost of electricity produced.