The object of the study is unreinforced and reinforced masonry made of ceramic block. The deformative properties of the object under a compressive load are studied. The elastic modulus' actual and calculated parameters were determined according to standard calculation methods and the proposed layer model. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, the layer calculation model's suitability is revealed, and an advanced method for predicting the elastic modulus of reinforced masonry, including using fiberglass reinforcement, is proposed. A prospective study of the suitability of the layer model for use in composite structures is performed.