An automated system for Structural Health Monitoring of a building or structure is designed to provide it owner with up-to-date information on the degree of deterioration of building structures, as well as on the appearance of damages. However, up to the present time, problem of recognizing damages and predicting their emergence is still far from being solved. This article suggests a method of damage recognition, based on the analysis of monitoring data on the technical condition of building structures. The method considered in the article is based on the matrix analysis of information coming from the sensors using a movable fractal. The practical application of the proposed method is illustrated on the computer model of a real high-rise building. The carriedout researches show that the method of the movable fractal allows to uniquely identify the appearance of defects in load-bearing structures.