Renovation of apartment buildings in Russia

Architecture and Urban planning
Authors:
Abstract:

The existing housing stock of the Russian Federation makes 3.6 billion m2 (2016). The area of apartments is about 25 m2 per one person. About 50% of houses in Russia need renovation. The considerable part of housing stock was constructed during an era of industrial housing construction. Many buildings of the first mass series have high strength characteristics. However, thermal comfort of these buildings in most cases unsatisfactory. Taking into account that the heating season in Russia on average lasts from October until April, the specific heat consumption for heating and ventilation during the cold period is 150—200 kWh/m2 per year for non-modernized buildings. This paper demonstrates the results of the investigations based on the field study and calculations of the thermal performance indicators of the standard residential building made of many box units (HDD = 3925 K*day/year). Строительство уникальных зданий и сооружений, 2018, №5 (68) 16 Корниенко С.В., Реновация жилых зданий в России, Строительство уникальных зданий и сооружений, 2018, № 5 (68). С. 15-23. According to calculations, after thermal modernization of buildings the level of specific heat consumption for heating and ventilation will decrease twice. In this case, the building will approach to the low-energy building standard. This study provides calculations of required R-values of building elements for residential buildings at the renovation in cold climate of Russia. The optimal insulation thicknesses must be calculated for each region to make the energy efficient building. Implementation of highly insulated building envelope allows use of renewable to partly cover heat consumption. The results indicate that it is economically feasible to renovate high-energy houses in cold Russian climatic conditions. The period of the cover expenditure of thermal renovation measures of buildings of the first mass series according to the accounting estimation is about 10—12 years. Such low-energy buildings have added good indoor environment, long lifetime, higher market value as well as they are environmentally friendly